Essay about Animal Rights Working to Help Reduce the...

Working to Help Reduce the Numbers Not many people can resist a puppy or kitten, how cute and cuddley they are. Everytime I see one I just want to take it home with me. I have 3 cats, all rescues, 2 from adoption event sponsored by PetSmart and the othe was only with me until I could find her a good home. That was almost 3 years ago. Not every animal is lucky enough to have nice, warm, loving home or get adopted into one. The numbers are staggering. Having recently moving almost directly in middle of what I learned to be an undocumented feral cat colony, it breaks my heart seeing so many hungry and scared cat and kittens every night living in such heartbreaking conditions. With kitten season rapidly approaching, the numbers again are†¦show more content†¦Female cats can deliver up to four litters per year, for an annual average of 20 kittens per cat -- or 3 million valleywide, doing the math not only gave me a headache, it also made me realize that this is becoming an epidemic and started doing some research into this. With the overpopulation and overcrowding at our Las Vegas Animal Shelters, ordinances were adopted in November of 2009 and went into effect in April of 2010 requiring most dogs and cats be spayed or nuertered by 4-6 months old. Within just a year of its passing into law, 520 animals were spayed or nuetered and returned to their owners compared to just 9 animals the year prior. That is a 5700% increase. With other ordinances being passed as one in 2012, allowing feral cat care-taking to be allowed by outside agencies and community care-takers, allowing for these organizations to step in and start making a difference in reducing the numbers, not just for the sad fact of so many strays without homes but for the safety and health issues it causes within the cat as well as human community. The usual method adopted by these organizations is to trap and release, which traps strays within the colony and nueters the males, tags the ears and releases them back into their area. Sponsors of feral cat communities are in effort responsible for the care and feeding of these colonies.Show MoreRelatedAnimal Rights : Animal Or Its Organs And Tissues Are Used1335 Words   |  6 Pagesthe experimental procedures, either a whole animal or its organs and tissues are used. For this purpose animals are euthanized (killed) by established methods. 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This green and white color associated with Pakistan’s flag. Brand Loyalty: Nestle has a huge number of consumers and they receives brand loyalty from them.. Solid Financial position: Nestle milk pak’s annual revenue is Rs.30 Billion which provides it an advantage over its competitors. Good marketing skills and services: Nestle is working on the good marketing skills concept because they want to increase their market share. So, for that they are providing qualityRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned1508 Words   |  7 Pagesworldwide malady. Animal testing is the procedure of using various animals to research for new drugs, vaccines or cosmetics. However, there are many opponents against animal testing on the basis that it is unethical and that it is harmful to the subjects of the research. Nonetheless, animal testing is a necessary evil that can help avoid human injuries during the process of preventing different diseases and provide new possibilities for research, while also ensuring the safety of the animals through lawsRead MoreShould The Consumption Of Meat Be Curtailed? Essay1302 Words   |  6 PagesDepartment of Agriculture. But like every culture their is a subculture in which 3.2 percent of U.S adults or 7.3 million people, follow a strict vegetarian-straight diet. Vegans hopes t o spread their ideology that eating no animals, or animal based products, will not only help your health, but also the health of where everyone in the world lives, our planet. Is it really possible that our planet is being destroyed because we eat meat? And can every culture adapt to a vegetarian lifestyle? ShouldRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility: An investigation into Louis Vuitton1648 Words   |  7 PagesStudent Number: 17460510 Email: yanjinshan.eric@gmail.com Semester: One, 2014 Curtin University: Singapore Campus Tutor: Sally-Edith Yong Corporate Social Responsibility: An investigation into Louis Vuitton With the rapid development of social economy, the public tends to focus on the social responsibility of the company, as well as feedback to the society, rather than pay close attention to how to create interest in the company. Especially, environmental protection and human rights has becameRead MoreThe Consumer Rights Day By John F. Kennedy1332 Words   |  6 PagesMINISTER OF TRADE AND INDUSTRY HONOURABLE VINCENT T. SERETSE ON THE OCCASION OF THE COMMEMORATION OF WORLD CONSUMER RIGHTS DAY 15TH MARCH 2017 Good morning. Background 1. Today Botswana joins the rest of the world in commemorating World Consumer Rights Day. This day was first observed on the 15th March 1983, twenty one (21) years after the declaration of consumer rights by John F. Kennedy who was the President of the United States of America then. Botswana started commemorating this

Constructivist Theory as the Framework for Student Strategies Free Essays

string(46) " as cited in Brush A ; Saye, 2000 \) \." This chapter provides a reappraisal of the literature used to inform the little research undertaking described in this study. To roll up literature for my thesis, I accessed the web sites for Zunia, ERIC, UNICEF, MoEYS, UNESCO, and the e-journal aggregation at James Cook University. There were troubles in deriving entree to some beginnings because many were password protected. We will write a custom essay sample on Constructivist Theory as the Framework for Student Strategies or any similar topic only for you Order Now Besides a challenge was turn uping articles written for the Kampuchean context, which has limited the range of the literature reappraisal for the local Cambodian context. Furthermore, many of the articles I searched were secondary informations beginnings, so it was sometimes hard to mention or cite because some secondary beginnings did non supply elaborate information. At times it was a description of a survey written by person other than the individual who conducted it. I besides had problem in finding which articles were related straight to my subject to be included ( Gay, Mills, A ; Airasian, 2009 ) . Besides utilizing assorted databases, I besides read books about the student-centered theory and old surveies conducted by UNICEF ( United Nation Children ‘s Fund ) every bit good the Cambodian-based undertaking rating written by VVOB. The cardinal words used to turn up literature were: student-centered, learner-centered, constructivism, societal constructivism, the zone of proximal development, scaffolding, student-centered instruction, and student-centered schoolroom. The mention subdivisions of relevant articles were besides used for placing other surveies that would be relevant to this reappraisal. The chapter has been structured following several subjects that emerged as literature was reviewed. It will depict the relevant literature focused on the issues environing the research aim. This chapter has been classified into several sub subdivisions based on the subjects that emerged during reading. 2. 1 Constructivist Theory as the Framework for Student-Centered Schemes Within the past two decennaries, the construct of â€Å" constructivism † A has been pulling attending from pedagogues ( Airasian A ; Walsh, 1997 ) . Since constructivist theory is an epistemology and doctrine and non a theory of acquisition, constructivist teaching method has been developed by pedagogues influenced by the thoughts of cognition building found within constructivist theory ( Yilmaz, 2008 ) . â€Å" Constructivist teaching method is informed by the thoughts of John Dewey and William James ; the latter work of Jean Piaget ; and the sociohistorical work of Lew Vygotsky, Jerome Bruner, and Ernst von Glasersfeld † ( p. 165 ) . Harmonizing to Dewey, the relationship of the person to his or her environment and the edifice of experience through action are really of import. This importance has besides been recognized by constructivism, particularly societal constructivism ( Brush A ; Saye, 2000 ) . Piaget ‘s work dealt with the phases of development which people go through and the importance of find in acquisition ( Alexander, 2006 ) . Vygotsky ‘s work focused on societal interaction as an agent of acquisition every bit good as the importance of a pupil ‘s bing experience and cognition ( Alexander, 2006 ; Yilmaz, 2008 ) . Among constructivism ‘s three foundational bookmans, Dewey, Piaget, and Vygotsky, Vygotsky ‘s work has had a clear influence on the construct of societal constructivism and played an of import function in modern constructivist idea because two of his four key rules are ; collaborative acquisition and student-centeredness ( Yilmaz, 2008 ) . His first cardinal con struct focuses on the societal nature of larning hence the term ‘social constructivism ‘ and the 2nd is that kids learn best the constructs that are within their zone of proximal development ( ZPD ) . The ZPD is a construct used to depict how a kid ‘s acquisition and kid ‘s cognitive development degrees develop together in societal state of affairss ( Vygotsky, 1978 ) . The ZPD is considered among the most utile both theoretically and practically ; of all the constructs that are created by Vygotsky ( Chenyne A ; Tarulli, 1999 ) . The construct of ZPD, which focuses on the relation between human larning and development, is the 2nd foundation for scaffolding schoolroom direction ( Stuyf, 2002 ) . The ZPD is defined as â€Å" the distance between the existent developmental degree as determined by independent job resolution and the degree of possible development as determined through job work outing under grownup counsel or in coaction with more capable equals † ( Vygotsky, 1978, p. 86 ) . Alexander ( 2006 ) , Shear ( 2007 ) , and Stuyf ( 2002 ) depict the ZPD as the country between what a scholar can carry through mentally and make independently by themselves, and what the scholar can carry through with the aid or the support of a more knowing other grownup or equal. The peer portions knowledge with the scholar to construct the spread between what is known and what is non known ( Shear, 2007 ) . The construct of ZPD is now widely applied in instruction and larning in many subject-matter countries ( Willis, 1996 ) . The thought of the ZPD informs teacher staging of larning to make effectual learning environments. It means effectual larning takes topographic point within the kid ‘s ZPD. Vygotsky stated that: A Learning awakens a assortment of internal developmental procedures that are able to run merely when the kid is interacting with people in his environment and in cooperation with his equals. When these procedures are internalized, they become portion of the kid ‘s independent developmental accomplishment. ( Vygotsky, 1978, p. 90 ) . Similarly, Wilhelm, Baker A ; Dube ( 2001 ) argued that the ZPD is the cognitive country in which effectual direction and acquisition can go on. Teacher, equals, and instructional environment are the aid and support which pupils can larn with and this lies within the ZPD. â€Å" A kid ‘s new capacities can merely be developed in the ZPD through coaction in existent, concrete, located activities with an grownup or more capable equal † ( Wilhelm, Baker A ; Dube, 2001, p. 3 ) For constructivist oriented instructors, the importance of planing an instructional activity is to place a job and supply pupils with resources to assist to work out the jobs thereby supplying chances for pupils to see jobs from a assortment of positions, leting pupils to join forces and negociate solutions to jobs and prove those solutions in a existent universe context ( Bednar et al, Duffy A ; Jonassen, Brown, Collins A ; Duguid as cited in Brush A ; Saye, 2000 ) . You read "Constructivist Theory as the Framework for Student Strategies" in category "Essay examples" Similarly harmonizing to UNESCO ( as cited in Mtika A ; Gates, 2010 ) , student-centered instruction helps to fix pupils to run into society ‘s outlooks, to plan educational experiences to progress pupils ‘ acquisition, and supply chances for pupils to show their success in accomplishing social outlooks. 2. 2 What is Constructivism? Constructivism is non a theory about instruction, but it is a theory about cognition and acquisition ( Haney A ; McArthur, 2001 ) . Harmonizing to Airasian A ; Walsh ( 1997 ) , constructivism is non an instructional attack ; it is a theory about how scholars come to cognize or how people learn. Brady ( 2006 ) A ; Staver ( 1997 ) stated that constructivism comes from traditional epistemology, which offers a philosophical account about the nature of cognition. Constructivists believe that cognition is created from the interaction between bing experiences or cognition of people and new thoughts or state of affairss they encounter. In the constructivist schoolroom, scholars are encouraged to do connexions between their bing cognition and new experience ; this is the procedure of building cognition ( Airasian A ; Walsh, 1997 ) . Furthermore, over the last decennary, constructivism has significantly influenced scientific discipline pedagogues because it links pupils ‘ bing thoughts to new experience and new information ( Haney A ; McArthur, 2001 ; Staver, 1997 ; Yilmaz, 2008 ) . Similarly, Driver, Asoko, Leach, Mortimer, and Scott ( as cited in Hand et al. , 1997 ) stated that societal constructivist attacks in scientific discipline instruction are non new. The execution of constructivist larning theory has helped to develop the interaction between pupils and instructor and supply chances to build scientific discipline cognition in the schoolroom. Similarly, Mtika and Gates ( 2010 ) argued that this pedagogical theory helps to promote pupils ‘ interaction with the topic ‘s contents and with on e another while the instructor facilitates the acquisition procedure. Constructivism has been divided by some theoreticians into three classs ( Alexander, 2006 ; Yilmaz, 2008 ) . They are Cognitive constructivism, Extremist constructivism, and Social constructivism. These three classs emphasize that cognition and significance are constructed by the human head ( Yilmaz, 2008 ) , nevertheless there are differentiations between them ( Hirumi, 2002 ) . Cognitive constructivism focuses on person ‘s interactions with the environment. Extremist constructivism emphasizes the person ‘s cognition building which is based on old cognition and experiences, and societal constructivism dressed ores on persons within groups and their sociocultural contexts ( Alexander, 2006 ; Yilmaz, 2008 ) . Though constructivism has been categorized into three, harmonizing to Staver ( 1997 ) , the two most comprehensive and celebrated classs of constructivism are extremist and societal constructivism. The two trade names have much in common. First, cognition is created by the thought of a individual and a community. Second, societal interactions between and among scholars are cardinal to constructing cognition. Knowledge is built by persons within their communities, societies, and civilizations. Furthermore, the agencies of societal interaction is chiefly linguistic communication because linguistic communication is a manner that worlds communicate and understand each other. Third, the character of knowledge is functional and adaptative, that it is in an active procedure ( Staver, 1997 ; Yilmaz, 2008 ) . Finally, the intent of knowledge is to function the persons ‘ organisation of his or her experiential universe. However, the two trade names are chiefly different. Extremist constr uctivism focuses on knowledge and the person, whereas societal constructivism focuses on linguistic communication and the group. 2. 3 Constructivism in the Classroom Airasian A ; Walsh ( 1997 ) argued that constructivism is accepted in many instruction systems because it helps to advance higher order believing accomplishments of pupils. Similarly, harmonizing to the survey of Hand et al. , ( 1997 ) , engagement of pupils ‘ thoughts or thought is the most of import factor that influences pupils ‘ acquisition. In the survey of a group of junior secondary college pupils in Australia, pupils reported that they enjoyed larning through little group work, category treatment, developing their ain thoughts, less note pickings, and they developed a greater apprehension of constructs. These are all larning schemes that reflect the usage of societal constructivism in the formal acquisition context. Among the classs of constructivism, societal constructivism attacks are utile for pupils because pupils can be required to work in a group or separately and make non necessitate to wait for a instructor to direct their acquisition. â€Å" The vision of the constructivist pupil is one of activity, engagement, creativeness, and the edifice of personal cognition and apprehension † ( Airasian A ; Walsh, 1997, p. 446 ) . Whether societal constructivists emphasize cognitive development or societal interactions, there are several specific things that instructors can make to assist scholars to build their apprehension, structural staging is one of these things ( Killen, 2003 ) . Literally, scaffolding is a structural support that is set up around a edifice under building. In instruction in a metaphorical sense, stagings are the support structures that are provided by others such as parents, equals, and instructors to pupils to enable them to finish a undertaking and experience accomplishment in their acquisition ( Yang A ; Wilson, 2006 ) . Harmonizing to Hammond A ; Gibbons ( as cited in Yang A ; Wilson, 2006 ) , effectual staging is both high challenge and high support. â€Å" Vygotsky stressed that pupils need to prosecute in disputing undertakings that they can successfully finish with appropriate aid † ( Wilhelm, Baker, A ; Dube, 2001, p. 4 ) . Scaffolding is a procedure whereby a instructor or peer gives assistance or support to the pupils in their ZPD as it is necessary and removes this assistance when unneeded ( Killen, 2003 ) . â€Å" Scaffolding must get down from what is close to the pupils ‘ experience and construct to what is farther from their experience † ( Wilhelm, Baker, A ; Dube, 2001, p. 4 ) . Similarly, at the beginning of a new acquisition undertaking, the staging should be fix to be concrete, seeable, and external, so learning can get down from the concrete to the abstract. The construct of staging is closely related to the ZPD because staging was developed by other socio-cultural theoreticians using Vygotsky ‘s construct of ZPD to educational contexts ( Yang A ; Wilson, 2006 ) . In other words, the thought of scaffolding originally came from Vygotsky ‘s socio-cultural theory ( Stuyf, 2002 ) . Mitchell and Myles ( as cited in Yang A ; Wilson, 2006 ) stated that societal constructivism focuses on larning that occurs in socio-cultural environments and scholars become active builders of their ain acquisition environment. Vygotsky ‘s socio-cultural theory proposes that societal interaction plays a cardinal function in the development of knowledge. Learners are non hence stray persons ; they are active scholars because of societal interactions ( Stuyf, 2002 ; Yang A ; Wilson, 2006 ) . How to cite Constructivist Theory as the Framework for Student Strategies, Essay examples

BCBS Tiering Strategy

Question: Discuss about the BCBS Tiering Strategy. Answer: Introduction: The insurance companys strategy to tier physicians seems to be a good platform for development in healthcare provision. Since the classification would be based on performance I still believe that the patient will have the right space to make informed choices on the type of services and the physicians to offer them. However, I have a few reservations and concerns with reference to your strategy. To begin with Brennan and Carrara (2008) note that tiering of physicians might end up affecting the patients loyalty to their already established healthcare providers. The patients are likely to end up making wrong choices by picking on physicians only because they are top tiered but not necessarily because they can adequately meet the clients medical needs. There is a dire need for consistency in healthcare provision hence the patients need to accustom to a definite and more direct approach when it comes to seeing medical intervention. I believe this strategy may have adverse effects on patie nt choices making it a not-so welcome innovation in my opinion. Secondly, due to the fact that the physicians will be tiered based on the quality of performance an external certification, those physicians classified in the lower tiers might be rendered jobless. In a tiered system, the consumer choices are largely based on the quality of service provision in addition to cost effectiveness. This would therefore see most patients opting for the top tiered physicians at the expense of those appearing the lower tiers. I would rather suggest a more liberal system in which all the physicians are given an equal platform for recognition and job opportunities. My third concern would be challenges associated with the process of switching service providers and hospitals. In the current state, the patients are subscribed to specific physicians. The process of tiering would see the physicians classified into different categories comprising low and higher tiers. Patients might subsequently choose to switch to the service providers falling in the higher tiers (Landon, 2012). The process of moving from one provider to another encompasses a cumbersome process which may see the patients lose out on insurance cover. This may happen when the chosen service provider fall out of the insurance companys scope of cover. Despite the fact that the company intends to use a performance based approach in classifying physicians, the transition might be accompanied by various economic implications. The tiering may also be based on cost-effectiveness which in turn affects not only the participants but also the service providers. Patients will most likely go for network tiers characterized by low medical expenses as much as the amount spent is derived from their contributions. Such choices may see patients settling for affordable option at the expense of the need for quality. Lastly, tiering may not only affect individual physicians and patient choices but also the hospitals. Depending on the network in which it is placed, tiering can either cause a hospital to gain or lose revenue (Dranove Sfekas, 2008). In addition to quality service provision, patients would be keen to consider the cost-effectiveness of the service provider choices. Subsequently, the hospitals not included in the narrow networks may lose their clients to the networked hospitals which in turn leads to loss of revenue for the former. It is important to note that your strategy will cover over 50 physicians from my organization and hence all the patients associated with them. The transition involving the implementation of this strategy might be time and resource consuming in addition to the costs involved. Suggestions of a better approach With the eminent challenges associated with this strategy, I would like to make a few suggestions on steps the company could take to make the project more acceptable and applicable to my organizational situation. As noted by (Draper Liebhaber, 2007), there is a vital need for patient empowerment and guidance when it comes to making choices for healthcare providers. This can be achieved may availing as much information as possible about the tiering strategy hence allowing them to make informed choices. The process of awareness and education of patients ought to be one of the insurance companys core objectives. This approach would offer the consumers a concise picture of the implications of their choices. In addition to patient education, the providers can also be educated on the need to uphold quality standards, transparency and integrity in service provision (Scanlon Chernew, 1997). This is because the process of tiering is solely based on performance hence a provider is likely to be tiered highly when they exhibit high standards in quality provision. The third strategy would be to sensitize the hospitals on the need to retain a close and constructive link with the patients and providers. The hospitals therefore ought to install effective network strategies which would ensure that the services provide adequately respond to the demands of the healthcare market place. This could be achieved when the hospital remain transparent with the aspects of pricing and quality. A clear record of the out of pocket of payments ought to be defined within the strategys plan. This approach would be pivotal in generating effective consumer behavior to the changes associated with the new strategy (Goldman Zheng, 2007). There also a need to exercise elasticity with respect to the prices in order to maximize on the benefits of the new projects. With flexible prices, the patients are covered from excessive spending which gives room for savings both by the service providers and participants. When such open ended approaches are used before implementing the strategy, the idea is likely to elicit positive consumer response hence widening the scope of benefits associated with the new idea. Furthermore, BCBS could deploy a strategy which would see all the patients involved in the planning process before the strategy is implementing. Through this approach, their views can be incorporated into the strategys design to minimalize the negative impacts of this implementation on the patients medical needs. The insurance company equally needs to ensure that the components of this strategy are aligned with both the legal environment and local policies. Lastly, the insurance company might consider the need for flexibility, constantly revising the prices, quality ratings as well as the value of the networks. The constant monitoring of the progress would ensure that the strategy positively impacts the patients, physicians, hospitals and other related organizations. References Brennan, A., Carrara, L. (2008). Do Managed Care Plans' Tiered Networks Lead to Inequities in Care for Minority Patients? Health Affairs, 27(4), pp. 11606. Dranove, D., Sfekas, A. (2008). Start Spreading the News: A Structural Estimate of the Effects of New York Hospital Report Cards. Journal of Health Economics, 27 (1), pp. 1201 1207. Draper, D., Liebhaber A. (2007). High-Performance Health Plan Networks: Early Experiences. Center for Studying Health System Change, 2(1), pp. 23-34. Goldman, D., Zheng, Y. (2007). Prescription Drug Cost Sharing: Associations with Medication and Medical Utilization and Spending and Health. Journal of the American Medical Association, 298(1), pp. 619. Landon, E. (2012). Keeping Score under a Global Payment System. New England Journal of Medicine. 366(5), pp. 3935. Scanlon, D., Chernew, M. (1997). Consumer Health Plan Choice: Current Knowledge and Future Directions. Annual Review of Public Health, 18(1), pp. 50728.